The pupil dilates in the dark. Both pupils constrict when the eye is focused on a near object (accommodative response). The pupil is abnormal if it fails to dilate to the dark or fails to constrict to light or accommodation.
What causes unreactive pupils?
Causes of bilateral non-reactive pupils Extensive intracranial pathology – eg, trauma, haemorrhage. Diffuse brain injury. Brain stem herniation, brain death. Pharmacological blockade.
What causes sluggish response?
ischemic optic disease or retinal disease. severe glaucoma causing trauma to optic nerve. direct optic nerve damage (trauma, radiation, tumor) retinal detachment.
What is a coloboma?
Coloboma comes from a Greek word which means “curtailed”. It is used to describe conditions where normal tissue in or around the eye is missing from birth. To understand coloboma, it is useful to be familiar with the normal structure and appearance of the eye, and the terms related to the different parts of the eye.
What is pupillary dysfunction?
In EAAG, pupillary dysfunction is partially reversible, parasympathetic pupil function is more severely compromised than sympathetic function, and fatigue of pupillary constriction may be seen. These characteristic abnormalities of the pupillary light reflex may prove to have diagnostic value.
What is the Microphthalmos?
Microphthalmos also called microphthalmia, is a severe developmental disorder of the eye in which one or both eyes are abnormally small and have anatomic malformations.
Is coloboma a birth defect?
Coloboma is an eye abnormality that occurs before birth. Colobomas are missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye.
What are Cycloplegics?
Cycloplegics/mydriatics are ophthalmic medications that are used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis). Each cycloplegic/mydriatic drug works in a different way to maintain dilation in the pupil for a specified period.
What causes one pupil not to react to light properly?
Problems that can cause a pupil not to constrict to light exposure include traumatic injury to the muscles of the iris that control the pupil, inflammation inside the eye that causes the iris to become sticky and to adhere to the lens, and problems that result in severe vision loss in an eye such as a retinal detachment or a problem with the optic nerve.
Why do opiates make your pupils small?
This includes the muscles in your eyes that are responsible for making your pupils bigger (to let in more light, for example), or smaller. After taking cocaine, marijuana, or amphetamines, for example, your pupils get noticeably larger (Mydriasis), while opiates such as heroin constrict the pupils (Miosis).
Which drugs cause pupils to constrict?
Alcohol: Intoxication can cause double vision or blurry vision.
What does sluggish pupil reaction mean?
A slow pupil reaction, or “sluggish pupils”, is where the eye’s natural dilation and constriction occurs abnormally slowly. The extreme form is where there are nonreactive pupils, which is a medical emergency.
