Iontophoresis is a procedure in which an electrical current is passed through skin soaked in tap water (not distilled water), normal saline (0.9%), or a solution containing an anticholinergic medication, which allows ionised (charged) particles to cross the normal skin barrier.
What are the contraindications for iontophoresis?
It is also contraindicated if you have a pacemaker, metal implant, cardiac arrhythmia, a skin rash, or skin disease. If your physical therapist considers using iontophoresis for your treatment, you should know if it is likely to be of benefit for your condition.
Does iontophoresis have any adverse effects on skin?
In the literature review of 25 iontophoresis studies, including 13 randomized trials, rates of adverse skin reactions varied widely but were mostly mild and did not require treatment. Keep in mind that iontophoresis is a passive treatment, and the most successful physical therapy programs require you to be actively involved in your care.
Is iontophoresis useful for the treatment of follicular diseases?
As iontophoretic delivery takes place via the appendageal pathway, the technique would be useful for the treatment of some follicular diseases, such as acne or androgenetic alopecia ( Illel, 1997, Banga, 2011 ). Fig. 1 illustrates the basic principle of iontophoresis.
Does iontophoresis enhance hydrophilic molecules?
Iontophoresis shows an excellent enhancement effect on hydrophilic molecules with molecular weight less than 15 kDa ( Kalluri and Banga, 2011 ). Iontophoresis works on the principle of electromigration, i.e., like repels like, driving charged molecules through the skin ( Ita, 2016 ).
How do iontophoretic patches work?
Iontophoretic patches can be used on hands and feet, but are especially suited for underarm iontophoresis treatments. A pouch containing a dosage of medication can be attached to an iontophoresis patch which delivers the medication directly through the skin.
Is Iontophoresis for hyperhidrosis a permanent solution?
No, iontophoresis for hyperhidrosis is not a permanent solution. After the initial treatment period when the desired level of sweat reduction is achieved, maintenance treatments must be continued indefinitely (usually once a week). It is important not to wait until the excessive sweating returns.
